Economic Indicators

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Economic Indicators is designed to help gauge America’s current economic health and performance. Using public data, and with the oversight of our Research Advisory Council, we assembled a database of key economic indicators that are useful for understanding current and future economic conditions.

State

8th Grade Reading: White

Current

CURRENT

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State

8th Grade Reading: White

Current

Trend

38.0%

—

SELECTED

22.0%

LOW

West Virginia

70.0%

HIGH

Washington D.C.

Ranking

38.0%

—

SELECTED

22.0%

LOW

West Virginia

70.0%

HIGH

Washington D.C.

Comparison

California

Utah

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Florida

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SELECT ECONOMIC INDICATOR

Economic Health

Jobs & Wages

Public Finance

Business Conditions

Population

Economic Opportunity

Cost of Living

Energy

Labor Force

Workforce Preparedness

Quality of Life

Economic Disparity

BACK TO ALL INDICATORS

Construction

New Residential Permits Cost (US Census Bureau)

Total value for all residential units covered by building permits, from Census estimates with imputations for survey nonresponders.

New Residential Permits: MFR (US Census Bureau)

Number of multi-family units covered by building permits, from Census estimates with imputations for survey nonresponders.

New Residential Permits: SFR (US Census Bureau)

Number of building permits for single family homes, from Census estimates with imputations for survey nonresponders.

New Residential Permits: Total (US Census Bureau)

Total number of residential units covered by building permits, from Census estimates with imputations for survey nonresponders.

Employment

Change in Private Jobs (CEWNSA)

Calculated as change in total private employment from the prior month.

Total Civilian Employment (Seasonally Adjusted)

Includes all individuals who worked at least one hour for a wage or salary, self-employed, or working at least 15 unpaid hours in a family business or on a family farm.

Employment: Manufacturing (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Manufacturing (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Private (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Total Private (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Labor Force Participation Rate (Seasonally Adjusted)

The number within the Labor Force as a percentage of the total Noninstitutional Civilian Population.

GDP

Annual Gross Domestic Product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced within an area, All Industry Total. GDP by state and county measures its "value added," equivalent to gross output (sales or receipts and other operating income, commodity taxes, and inventory change) minus intermediate inputs (consumption of goods and services purchased from other U.S. industries or imported).

Annual Real GDP

GDP value in chained 2012 dollars.

Gross Domestic Product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced within an area, All Industry Total.

Real GDP

GDP value in chained 2009 dollars.

Income

Personal Income: Annual

Total annual personal income consisting of income that persons receive in return for their provision of labor, land, and capital used in current production as well as other income, such as personal current transfer receipts.

Personal Income: Quarterly

Total quarterly personal income consisting of income that persons receive in return for their provision of labor, land, and capital used in current production as well as other income, such as personal current transfer receipts.

Labor Force

Labor Force (Seasonally Adjusted)

Sum of civilian employment and civilian unemployment.

Production

Crude Oil Production

Average barrels of oil produced per day, calculated as a running 12-month average.

Natural Gas Production

Average natural gas production in million cubic feet produced per month, calculated as a running 12-month average.

Patents Issued

As an indicator entrepreneurship and STEM activities, the number of US Utility Patents (inventions) issued by origin.

Total Farm Output

Annual value of agricultural sector production including crop production, animal and products production, and farm-related income.

Patents Issued: Foreign

Number of US Utility Patents (inventions) issued to persons in other countries.

Trade

Exports

Total exports of goods from within the geographic area, from Origin of Movement (NAICS) State Export Data.

Exports: US Share

Share of total US exports of goods from within the geographic area, 12-month moving average, from Origin of Movement (NAICS) State Export Data.

Imports

Total imports of goods to the geographic area, from State of Destination (NAICS) State Import Data.

Trade through State Ports: Exports

Total exports of goods through all ports within the geographic area, from HS Port-level Data.

Trade through State Ports: Imports

Total imports of goods through all ports within the geographic area, from HS Port-level Data.

Trade through State Ports: Total

Combined total of imports and exports of goods through all ports within the geographic area, from HS Port-level Data.

Trade through State Ports: US Share

Share of total US imports and exports of goods, 12-month moving average, as an indicator of the relative competitiveness of each state's ports and the related trade-movement jobs base.

Unemployment

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Number of initial claims for unemployment insurance, not seasonally adjusted.

Unemployment Rate (Seasonally Adjusted)

The number of unemployed as a percentage of the Labor Force. Seasonally adjusted.

Avg. Annual Wage

Avg. Annual Wage: Mining

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Average Compensation: Private

Average annual compensation (wages and benefits) for private sector workers.

Avg. Annual Wage: Wholesale Trade

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Utilities

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Transportation & Warehousing

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Total

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Retail Trade

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Real Estate & Rental & Leasing

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Professional & Business Services

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Private

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Other Services

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Non-Classified

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Accommodation & Food Services

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Manufacturing

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Management of Companies & Enterprises

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Information

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Health Care & Social Assistance

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Government

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Finance & Insurance

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Educational Services

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Construction

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Arts, Entertainment, & Recreation

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, & Hunting

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Avg. Annual Wage: Admin & Support & Waste Mgmt & Remediation

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment

Employment: Real Estate & Rental & Leasing (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Mining (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Mining & Logging (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Non-Classified (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Other Services (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Other Services (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Private (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Professional & Business Services (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Professional & Business Services (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Manufacturing (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Retail Trade (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Total (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Total Nonfarm (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Total Private (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Trade, Transportation & Utilities (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Transportation & Warehousing (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Utilities (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Wholesale Trade (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Financial Activities (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Admin & Support & Waste Mgmt & Remediation (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, & Hunting (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Arts, Entertainment, & Recreation (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Construction (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Construction (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Educational Services (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Education & Health Services (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Finance & Insurance (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Accommodation & Food Services (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Government (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Government (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Health Care & Social Assistance (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Information (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Information (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Leisure & Hospitality (CES)

Monthly estimate of wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Employment: Management of Companies & Enterprises (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Employment: Manufacturing (QCEW)

Quarterly count of wage and salary jobs from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments

Establishments: Manufacturing

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Wholesale Trade

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Utilities

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Transportation & Warehousing

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Total

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Retail Trade

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Real Estate & Rental & Leasing

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Professional & Business Services

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Private

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Other Services

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Non-Classified

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Mining

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Accommodation & Food Services

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Management of Companies & Enterprises

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Information

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Health Care & Social Assistance

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Government

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Finance & Insurance

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Educational Services

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Construction

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Arts, Entertainment, & Recreation

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, & Hunting

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Establishments: Admin & Support & Waste Mgmt & Remediation

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Hourly Earnings

Hourly Earnings: Construction

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Hourly Earnings: Education & Health Services

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Hourly Earnings: Financial Activities

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Hourly Earnings: Information

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Hourly Earnings: Leisure & Hospitality

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Hourly Earnings: Manufacturing

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Hourly Earnings: Other Services

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Hourly Earnings: Professional & Business Services

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Hourly Earnings: Total Private

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Hourly Earnings: Trade, Transportation & Utilities

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Hourly Earnings: Mining

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Weekly Hours

Weekly Hours: Construction

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Weekly Hours: Education & Health Services

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Weekly Hours: Financial Activities

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Weekly Hours: Information

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Weekly Hours: Leisure & Hospitality

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Weekly Hours: Manufacturing

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Weekly Hours: Other Services

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Weekly Hours: Professional & Business Services

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Weekly Hours: Total Private

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Weekly Hours: Trade, Transportation & Utilities

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Weekly Hours: Mining

Monthly estimate of average weekly hours worked for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey.

Compensation

Average Compensation: Local

Average annual compensation (wages and benefits) for local government workers.

Average Compensation: Private

Average annual compensation (wages and benefits) for private sector workers.

Average Compensation: State

Average annual compensation (wages and benefits) for state government workers.

Debt

Pensions: Funded Ratio

Average funded ratio for state and local pension systems within each geographic area, calculated from the actuarial value of assets and liabilities for the covered pension systems.

Pensions: Revenue Ratio

Calculated as total state and local government pension contributions divided by total state and local government general revenues from own sources (taxes, charges, and miscellaneous revenues).

Debt Outstanding

Total state and local government short term and long term debt outstanding at the end of the fiscal year.

Debt: State Pensions

Total state and local Unfunded Actuarial Accrued Liability. Coverage is for the 200 largest pension plans accounting for about 95% of total public pension plan assets.

Expenditures

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Other Education

Total state and local government direct expenditures by fiscal year for other education and libraries.

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Environment & Housing

Total state and local government direct expenditures by fiscal year for natural resources, parks and recreation, housing and community development, sewerage, and solid waste management.

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Other General Expenditures

Total state and local government direct expenditures by fiscal year for miscellaneous commercial activities and other and unallocable activities.

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Administration

Total state and local government direct expenditures by fiscal year for financial administration, judicial and legal, general public buildings, and other governmental administration.

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Public Safety

Total state and local government direct expenditures by fiscal year for police, fire, corrections, and protective inspection and regulation.

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Transportation

Total state and local government direct expenditures by fiscal year for highways, air transportation, parking facilities, and sea and inland port facilities.

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Interest on General Debt

Total state and local government direct expenditures by fiscal year for interest on general debt.

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Capital Outlay: Construction

State and local government expenditures for the construction of new or rehabilitation of existing physical assets and infrastructure by fiscal year.

State & Local Government General Expenditures: Elementary & Secondary Education

Total state and local government direct expenditures by fiscal year for elementary and secondary education.

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Higher Education

Total state and local government direct expenditures by fiscal year for higher education.

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Social Services & Income Maintenance

Total state and local government direct expenditures by fiscal year for public welfare, hospitals, health, employment security administration, and veterans’ services.

State & Local Government Direct General Expenditures: Total

Total state and local government direct expenditures (all expenditures other than intergovernmental transfers) by fiscal year.

Revenue

State & Local Government Revenues: Charges & Miscellaneous General Revenue

Total state and local government revenues from own sources generated from charges (e.g., user fees, licensing fees) and miscellaneous general revenues by fiscal year.

State & Local Government Revenues: Total General Revenues from Own Sources

Total state and local government revenues by fiscal year from own sources generated from taxes, fees, other charges, and miscellaneous revenues.

State & Local Government Revenues: Intergovenmental Revenues from Federal Government

Total state and local government revenues from federal subvention funds by fiscal year.

State & Local Government Revenues: Taxes, Personal Income Tax

Total state and local government revenues from personal income tax by fiscal year.

State & Local Government Revenues: Taxes, Property Tax

Total state and local government revenues from property tax by fiscal year.

State & Local Government Revenues: Taxes, Sales & General Use Tax

Total state and local government revenues from general sales and use taxes by fiscal year.

S&P 500

The S&P 500 Index is a broad index tracking the large cap US equities market.

State & Local Government Revenues: Taxes

Total state and local government revenues from own sources generated from taxes by fiscal year.

State & Local Government Revenues: Total General Revenues

Total state and local government revenues by fiscal year from taxes, charges and miscellaneous general revenue, and intergovernmental revenues from federal government.

Business Climate

Rank: Tax Climate

Tax Foundation’s State Business Tax Climate Index developed from individual income tax, sales tax, corporate income tax, property tax, and unemployment insurance tax.

Rank: Best States for Business

Chief Executive magazine ranking of Best & Worst States for Business based on a survey of CEOs.

Rank: Legal Climate

Legal climate ranking from Institute for Legal Reform, Ranking the States.

Right to Work State

Indicates whether the state has enacted right to work statutes.

Educational Attainment

Age 25+ Share: Bachelor’s (ACS 1yr)

For persons age 25 and over, percentage with highest educational attainment of a bachelor’s degree.

Age 25+ Share: Graduate or Professional (ACS 1yr)

For persons age 25 and over, percentage with highest educational attainment of graduate or professional degree.

Energy

Diesel per Gallon

Diesel prices are shown as the monthly average, dollars per gallon (including taxes) for all grades.

Gasoline per Gallon

Gasoline prices are shown as the monthly average, dollars per gallon (including taxes) for Regular Gasoline.

Electricity Price Commercial

Electricity prices are shown as the average price in cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) for all electric industry providers for the commercial end-use sector.

Electricity Price Industrial

Electricity prices are shown as the average price in cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) for all electric industry providers for the industrial end-use sector.

Natural Gas Price Commercial

Natural gas prices are shown as the average price in dollars per thousand cubic feet (tcf) for all natural gas delivered to commercial end-use sector.

Natural Gas Price Industrial

Natural gas prices are shown as the average price in dollars per thousand cubic feet (tcf) for all natural gas delivered to commercial end-use sector.

Housing

Zillow Home Value Index: Single Family Homes

Median value of single family homes.

Zillow Home Value Index: Condo/Co-ops

Median value of multi-family residential units.

Apartment List: Median Rent, Overall

Estimate of median contract rent by area, all rental units.

Taxes

Sales & Use Tax Rate: State

State portion of generally applicable sales and use tax.

Sales & Use Tax Rate: State-Local Average

Average of state and locally-assessed generally application sales and use tax.

Property Tax

Per capita state and local property tax collections.

Corporate Income Tax Rate

Maximum corporate income tax rate.

Personal Income Tax Rate

Highest state-levied personal income rate.

Tax Burden

Per capita taxes paid by individuals to state and local governments (own state and other states).

Union Membership

Union Membership: Construction

Union membership as a percentage of construction wage and salary employment, from Current Population Survey (CPS) data.

Union Membership: Manufacturing

Union membership as a percentage of manufacturing wage and salary employment, from Current Population Survey (CPS) data.

Union Membership: Private

Union membership as a percentage of total private wage and salary employment, from Current Population Survey (CPS) data.

Union Membership: Public

Union membership as a percentage of total public wage and salary employment, from Current Population Survey (CPS) data.

Union Membership: Total

Union membership as a percentage of total wage and salary employment, from Current Population Survey (CPS) data.

Workplace

UI: Average Employer Contribution Rate

Average employer contribution rate for unemployment insurance, shown as a percentage of taxable payroll.

Overtime Rule

For states with their own overtime laws, indicates the number of hours worked before overtime pay is required, as an indicator of which states maintain workplace laws allowing for flexible employee schedules.

State Minimum Wage

Highest applicable general minimum wage rate per hour imposed by states. Federal minimum wage applies in those states without an entry.

Workers Compensation Cost

Relative index of workers’ compensation premium rates, derived as a weighted average of rates for NCCI classification codes.

Age

Age Share (monthly): 0-15

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Age Share (monthly): 16-19

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Age Share (monthly): 20-24

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Age Share (monthly): 25-64

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Age Share (monthly): 65+

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Gender

Gender Share: Men (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of men within total population.

Gender Share (monthly): Men (BOC)

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Gender Share (monthly): Women (BOC)

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Gender Share: Women (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of women within total population.

Migrations

Migration: Higher Income Non-Migrant Average AGI

As a point of comparison, average adjusted gross income for returns filed by residents showing an AGI of $200,000 or more who have not changed address in the past year.

Migration: Higher Income Inflow Average AGI

Average adjusted gross income per return of in-migrating residents showing an AGI of $200,000 or higher.

Migration: Total Inflow Average AGI

Total average adjusted gross income per return of in-migrating residents.

Migration: Higher Income Inflow by Number of Tax Returns

Number of tax returns filed by residents with an AGI of $200,000 or higher who have moved into the state or county based on their prior year address. Number of returns is an approximation of migrating households.

Migration: State Non-Migrant Average AGI

As a point of comparison, total average adjusted gross income for returns filed by residents who have not changed address in the past year.

Migration: Higher Income Outflow Average AGI

Average adjusted gross income per return of out-migrating residents showing an AGI of $200,000 or higher.

Migration: Total Outflow Average AGI

Total average adjusted gross income per return of out-migrating residents.

Migration: Higher Income Outflow by Number of Tax Returns

Number of tax returns filed by residents with an AGI of $200,000 or higher who have moved from the state or county based on their prior year address. Number of returns is an approximation of migrating households.

Migration: Total Outflow by Number of Tax Returns

Total number of tax returns filed by residents who have moved from the state or county based on their prior year address.

Migration: Total Inflow by Number of Tax Returns

Total number of tax returns filed by residents who have moved to the state or county based on their prior year address. Number of returns is an approximation of migrating households.

Population

Population (US Census Bureau)

Calculated from the annual estimates from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Race / Ethnicity

Race/Ethnicity Share (monthly): Asian & Pi (BOC)

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates for Asian and Pacific Islander, Non-Latino share of population from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Race/Ethnicity Share (monthly): Black (BOC)

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates for Non-Latino share of population from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Race/Ethnicity Share (monthly): Latino (BOC)

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Race/Ethnicity Share (monthly): Multirace (BOC)

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates for Non-Latino share of population from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Race/Ethnicity Share (monthly): Native American (BOC)

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates for Non-Latino share of population from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Race/Ethnicity Share (monthly): White (BOC)

Percentage calculated from the annual estimates for Non-Latino share of population from Census Bureau as of July 1 of each year.

Business Dynamics: Employment

Number of Employees: 0-4 employees

Average number of employees reported in Q1 by all Private establishments in the Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Number of Employees: 1,000 or more employees

Average number of employees reported in Q1 by all Private establishments in the Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Number of Employees: 250-999 employees

Average number of employees reported in Q1 by all Private establishments in the Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Number of Employees: 5-49 employees

Average number of employees reported in Q1 by all Private establishments in the Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Number of Employees: 50-249 employees

Average number of employees reported in Q1 by all Private establishments in the Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Births: Employment

Job gains from establishments with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter with no links to the prior quarter, or establishments with positive third month employment in the current quarter and zero employment in the third month of the previous four quarters.

Closings: Employment

Job losses from establishments showing zero employment compared to the prior quarter.

Contractions: Employment

Job losses from establishments with a decrease in jobs compared to the prior quarter.

Deaths: Employment

Job losses from establishments with no employment or zero employment reported in the third month of four consecutive quarters following the last quarter with positive employment. Deaths are a subset of Closings, which are broader and include businesses with seasonal closings during a year.

Expansions: Employment

Job gains from establishments with an increase in jobs compared to the prior quarter.

Gross Job Losses: Employment

Total of job losses from Establishment Closings and Contractions.

Gross Job Gains: Employment

Total of job gains from Establishment Openings and Expansions.

Openings: Employment

Job gains from the opening of new establishments (or establishments with zero employment in the prior quarter) in the quarter shown.

Business Dynamics: Establishments

Number of Establishments

Average number of establishments reported in Q1 by all Private firms in the Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages within each NAICS code.

Births: Establishments

Number of establishments with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter with no links to the prior quarter, or establishments with positive third month employment in the current quarter and zero employment in the third month of the previous four quarters.

Closings: Establishments

Number of establishments showing zero employment compared to the prior quarter.

Contractions: Establishments

Number of establishments with a decrease in jobs compared to the prior quarter.

Deaths: Establishments

Number of establishments with no employment or zero employment reported in the third month of four consecutive quarters following the last quarter with positive employment.

Expansions: Establishments

Number of establishments with an increase in jobs compared to the prior quarter.

Gross Job Losses: Establishments

Total number of closing and contracting establishments.

Gross Job Gains: Establishments

Total number of opening and expanding establishments.

Openings: Establishments

Number of new establishments (or establishments with zero employment in the prior quarter) in the quarter shown.

Number of Establishments: 1000 or more employees

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Number of Establishments: 50-249 employees

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Number of Establishments: 0-4 employees

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Number of Establishments: 5-49 employees

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Number of Establishments: 250-999 employees

Number of individual physical locations reported by all firms from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Business Growth: Proprietors

Proprietors: Farm

Number of individuals operating as Sole Proprietorships and General Partners in farming operations.

Proprietors: Farm Income

Total income from farm Sole Proprietorships and General Partners.

Proprietors: Non-Farm

Number of individuals operating as Sole Proprietorships and General Partners in nonfarm businesses.

Proprietors: Non-Farm Income

Total income from non-farm Sole Proprietorships and General Partners.

Proprietors: Total

Number of individuals operating as Sole Proprietorships and General Partners.

Labor Force

Labor Force Participation Rate (Seasonally Adjusted)

The number within the Labor Force as a percentage of the total Noninstitutional Civilian Population.

Affordability Index: Homeowners

Affordability: Index (Homeowners)

Percentage of income for the average owner-occupied household spent annually on the necessities contained in the Index, adjusted for double counting for sales tax, fees and other taxes, and non-homeowner portion of property tax.

Affordability: Necessity Costs – Total (Homeowners)

Total amount the average owner-occupied household spent annually on the necessities contained in the Index, adjusted for double counting for sales tax, fees and other taxes, and non-homeowner portion of property tax.

Affordability: Housing – Total (Homeowners)

Annual mortgage, property tax, property insurance, electricity, natural gas, and water and sanitary sewer costs from the American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org.

Affordability: Housing – Condo Fee (Homeowners)

While currently a significant factor primarily in the larger urban areas, condo and other homeowners association fees are becoming a more significant component of housing costs as state policies push more for multi-family housing developments, and even in the case of single family developments as a result of local regulations and fee structures.

Affordability: Housing – Electricity (Homeowners)

Annual electricity cost from the American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org.Data is adjusted by annual electricity use and prices from Energy Information Administration and California Energy Commission.

Affordability: Housing – Insurance (Homeowners)

Annual amount for fire, hazard, and flood insurance from the American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org.

Affordability: Housing – Mortgage (Homeowners)

Calculated using the average home value from the from the American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org, and the 30-Year Fixed Rate Mortgage Average for each year from the Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) system from the St. Louis Federal Reserve.

Affordability: Housing – Natural Gas (Homeowners)

Annual natural gas cost from American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org.Data is adjusted by annual natural gas use and prices from Energy Information Administration and California Energy Commission.

Affordability: Housing – Property Tax (Homeowners)

Annual property tax from American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org.

Affordability: Housing – Water (Homeowners)

Annual cost for water and sanitary sewer service from American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org.

Affordability: Income (Homeowners)

Annual household income by tenure from American Community Survey, from US Census Bureau tabulations and from data available through IPUMS NHGIS, University of Minnesota, www.nhgis.org.

Affordability: Transportation – Total (Homeowners)

Annual cost for fuel, fuel taxes, vehicle insurance, and motor vehicle licenses.

Affordability: Transportation – Gas Tax (Homeowners)

Annual cost for fuel taxes from annual gallons of gasoline per household and American Petroluem Institute state gasoline taxes data.

Affordability: Transportation – Gasoline (Homeowners)

Annual fuel costs net of fuel taxes assuming 1.5 vehicle equivalent per household and annual vehicle miles from National Household Travel Survey by tenure and income, US Department of Transportation average fuel efficiency data, and averge fuel costs from GasBuddy.com.

Affordability: Transportation – Insurance (Homeowners)

Annual vehicle Insurance cost assuming 2 vehicles per household and Zebra’s State of Auto Insurance data.

Affordability: Tax Burden – Total (Homeowners)

Sum of taxes and fees paid directly and indirectly by the average owner-occupied household.

Affordability: Tax Burden – Federal Income Tax (Homeowners)

Federal Personal Income Tax is calculated through NBER, TAXSIM.

Affordability: Tax Burden – Fees (Homeowners)

Fees & Other Taxes per household is the direct and indirect amounts calculated using the Other Taxes and Other Current Charges revenues reported in the US Census Bureau State & Local Government Finance adjusted for tax incidence.

Affordability: Tax Burden – FICA Payroll Taxes (Homeowners)

FICA payroll taxes for Social Security and Medicare are calculated through NBER, TAXSIM.

Affordability: Tax Burden – Property Tax (Homeowners)

Annual homeowner property tax from American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org plus annual indirect cost from per household non-homeowner portion of property tax from US Census Bureau State & Local Government Finance adjusted for tax incidence.

Affordability: Tax Burden – Sales Tax (Homeowners)

Annual direct and indirect cost per household from US Census Bureau State & Local Government Finance adjusted for tax incidence.

Affordability: Tax Burden – State Income Tax (Homeowners)

State Personal Income Tax is calculated through NBER, TAXSIM.

Affordability: Taxes – Motor Vehicle Licenses (Homeowners)

Motor Vehicle Licenses per household is calculated using the reported revenues in the US Census Bureau State & Local Government Finance report, total for both state and local governments, divided by the total number of households in each geography. To estimate the portion paid by households rather than businesses, the totals are adjusted based on the share of commercial vs. other vehicles in California.

Affordability: Healthcare – Total (Homeowners)

Out-of-pocket amount paid annually by households for health insurance, medical services (including co-pays and deductibles), prescription and over-the-counter drugs, and medical supplies, using the percentage of income before taxes allocated to Healthcare by income group from the Consumer Expenditure Survey adjusted to a four-person household.

Affordability: Food – Total (Homeowners)

Amount paid annually for food prepared at home and for take-out/restaurant food prepared away from home, using the percentage of income before taxes allocated to each food component by income group from the Consumer Expenditure Survey adjusted to a four-person household.

Affordability: Food – At Home (Homeowners)

Amount paid annually for food prepared at home, using the percentage of income before taxes by income group from the Consumer Expenditure Survey adjusted to a four-person household.

Affordability: Food – Away from Home (Homeowners)

Amount paid annually for take-out/restaurant food prepared away from home, using the percentage of income before taxes by income group from the Consumer Expenditure Survey adjusted to a four-person household.

Affordability Index: Renters

Affordability: Index (Renters)

Percentage of income for the average renter-occupied household spent annually on the necessities contained in the Index, adjusted for double counting for sales tax, fees and other taxes, and non-homeowner portion of property tax.

Affordability: Necessity Costs – Total (Renters)

Total amount the average renter-occupied household spent annually on the necessities contained in the Index, adjusted for double counting for sales tax, fees and other taxes, and non-homeowner portion of property tax.

Affordability: Housing – Total (Renters)

Annual rent, electricity, natural gas, and water and sanitary sewer costs from the American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org.

Affordability: Housing – Electricity (Renters)

Affordability: Housing – Natural Gas (Renters)

Affordability: Housing – Rent (Renters)

Annual gross rent from American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org, adjusted for electricity, natural gas, and water/sewer.

Affordability: Housing – Water (Renters)

Annual cost for water and sanitary sewer service from American Community Survey PUMS data through IPUMS USA, University of Minnesota, www.ipums.org.

Affordability: Income (Renters)

Annual household income by tenure from American Community Survey, from US Census Bureau tabulations and from data available through IPUMS NHGIS, University of Minnesota, www.nhgis.org.

Affordability: Transportation – Total (Renters)

Annual cost for fuel, fuel taxes, vehicle insurance, and motor vehicle licenses.

Affordability: Transportation – Gas Tax (Renters)

Annual cost for fuel taxes from annual gallons of gasoline pre household and American Petroluem Institute state gasoline taxes data.

Affordability: Transportation – Gasoline (Renters)

Annual fuel costs net of fuel taxes assuming 1.5 vehicle vehicle equivalent per household and annual vehicle miles from National Household Travel Survey by tenure and income, US Department of Transportation average fuel efficiency data, and averge fuel costs from GasBuddy.com.

Affordability: Transportation – Insurance (Renters)

Vehicle Insurance costs are developed from data obtained from Zebra’s State of Auto Insurance data.

Affordability: Tax Burden – Total (Renters)

Sum of taxes and fees paid directly and indirectly by the average renter-occupied household.

Affordability: Tax Burden – Federal Income Tax (Renters)

Federal Personal Income Tax is calculated through NBER, TAXSIM.

Affordability: Tax Burden – Fees (Renters)

Fees & Other Taxes per household is direct and indirect amounts calculated using the Other Taxes and Other Current Charges revenues reported in the US Census Bureau State & Local Government Finance adjusted for tax incidence.

Affordability: Tax Burden – FICA Payroll Taxes (Renters)

FICA payroll taxes for Social Security and Medicare are calculated through NBER, TAXSIM.

Affordability: Tax Burden – Property Tax (Renters)

Annual indirect cost from per household non-homeowner portion of property tax from US Census Bureau State & Local Government Finance adjusted for tax incidence.

Affordability: Tax Burden – Sales Tax (Renters)

Annual direct and indirect cost per household from US Census Bureau State & Local Government Finance adjusted for tax incidence.

Affordability: Tax Burden – State Income Tax (Renters)

State Personal Income Tax is calculated through NBER, TAXSIM.

Affordability: Taxes – Motor Vehicle Licenses (Renters)

Affordability: Healthcare – Total (Renters)

Affordability: Food – Total (Renters)

Affordability: Food – At Home (Renters)

Amount paid annually for food prepared at home, using the percentage of income before taxes by income group from the Consumer Expenditure Survey adjusted to a four-person household.

Affordability: Food – Away from Home (Renters)

Energy

Gasoline per Gallon

Gasoline prices are shown as the monthly average, dollars per gallon (including taxes) for Regular Gasoline.

Annual Average Electricity Price Residential per kWh

Electricity prices are shown as the average annual price in cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) for all electric industry providers for the residential end-use sector.

Average Residential Electricity Bill

Average electricity bill is calculated from total sales and total customers for the residential end user sector.

Natural Gas Price Residential

Natural gas prices are shown as the average price in dollars per thousand cubic feet (tcf) for all natural gas delivered to commercial end-use sector.

Housing

Housing: Percent Cost Burdened (ACS 1yr)

Percent of rented units paying gross rent that is 30% or more of total income.

Housing: Percent Severely Cost Burdened (ACS 1yr)

Percent of rented units paying gross rent that is 50% or more of total income.

Zillow Home Value Index: Single Family Homes

Median value of single family homes.

Zillow Home Value Index: Condo/Co-ops

Median value of multi-family residential units.

Apartment List: Median Rent, Overall

Estimate of median contract rent by area, all rental units.

Wages

Avg. Annual Wage: Private

Equivalent annual average wage based on the reported average weekly wage from Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages.

Hourly Earnings: Total Private

Monthly estimate of average hourly wage for wage and salary jobs from the Current Employment Survey

Climate Change

Energy Production: Non-CO2

Share of electricity generation from renewable and sources producing no carbon dioxide emissions: geothermal, solar, wind, wood and wood derived fuel, other biomass, conventional hydroelectric, nuclear, and net production from pumped storage.

Energy Production: Solar & Wind

Total electricity generation (thousand megawatt-hours) from utility-scale solar and wind.

GHG Emissions: All Gases

Total GHG emissions are estimated by US EPA for all man-made sources, including carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere by “sinks,” (e.g., through the uptake of carbon and storage in forests, vegetation, and soils) from management of lands in their current use or as lands are converted to other uses.

Electricity

Annual Average Electricity Price Residential per kWh

Electricity prices are shown as the average annual price in cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) for all electric industry providers for the residential end-use sector.

Average Residential Electricity Bill

Average electricity bill is calculated from total sales and total customers for the residential end user sector.

Electricity Price Commercial

Electricity prices are shown as the average price in cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) for all electric industry providers for the commercial end-use sector.

Electricity Price Industrial

Electricity prices are shown as the average price in cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) for all electric industry providers for the industrial end-use sector.

Electricity Price Residential

Electricity prices are shown as the average price in cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) for all electric industry providers for the residential end-use sector.

Fuel

Diesel per Gallon

Diesel prices are shown as the monthly average, dollars per gallon (including taxes) for all grades.

Gasoline per Gallon

Gasoline prices are shown as the monthly average, dollars per gallon (including taxes) for Regular Gasoline.

Natural Gas

Natural Gas Price Commercial

Natural gas prices are shown as the average price in dollars per thousand cubic feet (tcf) for all natural gas delivered to commercial end-use sector.

Natural Gas Price Industrial

Natural gas prices are shown as the average price in dollars per thousand cubic feet (tcf) for all natural gas delivered to commercial end-use sector.

Natural Gas Price Residential

Natural gas prices are shown as the average price in dollars per thousand cubic feet (tcf) for all natural gas delivered to commercial end-use sector.

Age

Population 16 and Over Share: Age 65+ (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 65 and over within the population age 16 and over.

Population 16 and Over Share: Age 55-64 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 55-64 within the population age 16 and over.

Population 16 and Over Share: Age 25-54 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 25-54 within the population age 16 and over.

Population 16 and Over Share: Age 20-24 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 20-24 within the population age 16 and over.

Population 16 and Over Share: Age 16-19 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 16-19 within the population age 16 and over.

Employed Share: Age 20-24 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 20-24 within the number of employed, civilian labor force.

Employed Share: Age 55-64 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 55-64 within the number of employed, civilian labor force.

Employed Share: Age 25-54 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 25-54 within the number of employed, civilian labor force.

Employed Share: Age 16-19 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 16-19 within the number of employed, civilian labor force.

Labor Force Share: Age 25-54 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 25-54 within the civilian labor force.

Labor Force Share: Age 55-64 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 55-64 within the civilian labor force.

Labor Force Share: Age 20-24 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 20-24 within the civilian labor force.

Labor Force Share: Age 16-19 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 16-19 within the civilian labor force.

Employed Share: Age 65+ (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 65 and over within the number of employed, civilian labor force.

Unemployed Share: Age 20-24 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 20-24 within the number of unemployed, civilian labor force.

Unemployed Share: Age 16-19 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 16-19 within the number of unemployed, civilian labor force.

Labor Force Share: Age 65+ (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 65 and over within the civilian labor force.

Unemployed Share: Age 25-54 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 25-54 within the number of unemployed, civilian labor force.

Unemployed Share: Age 55-64 (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 55-64 within the number of unemployed, civilian labor force.

Unemployed Share: Age 65+ (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of persons age 65 and over within the number of unemployed, civilian labor force.

Education

Population 25-64 Share: Bachelor’s or Higher (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 25-64 with highest educational attainment of a BA or graduate/professional degree.

Population 25-64 Share: Below High School (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 25-64 with highest educational attainment of below high school, no diploma.

Population 25-64 Share: High School Diploma (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 25-64 with highest educational attainment of a high school diploma, including GED or equivalent.

Population 25-64 Share: Some College (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 25-64 with highest educational attainment of some college including an AA degree.

Employed Share: Bachelor’s or Higher (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of a BA or graduate/professional degree.

Employed Share: Below High School (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of below high school, no diploma.

Employed Share: High School Diploma (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of a high school diploma, including GED or equivalent.

Employed Share: Some College (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of some college including an AA degree.

Labor Force Share: Bachelor’s or Higher (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of a BA or graduate/professional degree.

Labor Force Share: Below High School (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of below high school, no diploma.

Labor Force Share: High School Diploma (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of a high school diploma, including GED or equivalent.

Labor Force Share: Some College (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of some college including an AA degree.

Unemployed Share: Bachelor’s or Higher (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of a BA or graduate/professional degree.

Unemployed Share: Below High School (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of below high school, no diploma.

Unemployed Share: High School Diploma (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of a high school diploma, including GED or equivalent.

Unemployed Share: Some College (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed age 25-64 with highest educational attainment of some college including an AA degree.

Ethnicity

Employed Share: Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed of Latino ethnicity.

Employed Share: Other-Non Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed of all other races including unknown, Non-Latino.

Employed Share: White-Non Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed who are White, Non-Latino.

Labor Force Share: Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force of Latino ethnicity.

Labor Force Share: Other-Non Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force of all other races including unknown, Non-Latino.

Labor Force Share: White-Non Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force who are White, Non-Latino.

Population 16 and Over Share: Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 16 and older of Latino ethnicity.

Population 16 and Over Share: Other-Non Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 16 and older of all other races including unknown, Non-Latino.

Population 16 and Over Share: White-Non Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 16 and older who are White, Non-Latino.

Unemployed Share: Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed of Latino ethnicity.

Unemployed Share: Other-Non Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed of all other races including unknown, Non-Latino.

Unemployed Share: White-Non Latino (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed who are White, Non-Latino.

Gender

Population 16 and Over Share: Men (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of men within the population age 16 and over.

Population 16 and Over Share: Women (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of women within the population age 16 and over.

Employed Share: Men (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of men within the number of employed, civilian labor force.

Employed Share: Women (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of women within the number of employed, civilian labor force.

Labor Force Share: Men (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of men within the civilian labor force.

Labor Force Share: Women (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of women within the civilian labor force.

Unemployed Share: Men (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of men within the number of unemployed, civilian labor force.

Unemployed Share: Women (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of women within the number of unemployed, civilian labor force.

JOLTS

JOLTS: Job Openings Rate

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) provides indicators of the underlying dynamics in the labor market, including the extent to which the state economies are moving towards a labor surplus (recession) or labor/skills shortage.

JOLTS: Hiring Rate

JOLTS: Quit Rate

JOLTS: Layoffs & Discharges Rate

JOLTS: Total Separations Rate

JOLTS: Number of Unemployed per Job Opening

Race

Employed Share: Asian (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed, Asian or Pacific Islander.

Employed Share: White (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed, White.

Employed Share: Black (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed, Black or African-American.

Employed Share: Other (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of employed, all other races including unknown.

Labor Force Share: Asian (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force, Asian or Pacific Islander.

Labor Force Share: Black (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force, Black or African-American.

Labor Force Share: Other (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force, all other races including unknown.

Labor Force Share: White (ACS 1yr)

Share of labor force, White.

Population 16 and Over Share: Asian (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 16 and older, Asian or Pacific Islander.

Population 16 and Over Share: Black (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 16 and older, Black or African-American.

Population 16 and Over Share: White (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 16 and older, White.

Population 16 and Over Share: Other (ACS 1yr)

Share of working age population 16 and older, all other races including unknown.

Unemployed Share: Asian (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed, Asian or Pacific Islander.

Unemployed Share: White (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed, White.

Unemployed Share: Black (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed, Black or African-American.

Unemployed Share: Other (ACS 1yr)

Share of total number of unemployed, all other races including unknown.

Total Labor Force

Employed (Seasonally Adjusted)

Includes all individuals who worked at least one hour for a wage or salary, self-employed, or working at least 15 unpaid hours in a family business or on a family farm.

Labor Force (Seasonally Adjusted)

Sum of civilian employment and civilian unemployment.

Labor Force Participation Rate (Seasonally Adjusted)

The number within the Labor Force as a percentage of the total Noninstitutional Civilian Population.

Unemployed (Seasonally Adjusted)

Individuals who are not working but are able, available, and actively looking for work.

Unemployment Rate (Seasonally Adjusted)

The number of unemployed as a percentage of the Labor Force. Seasonally adjusted.

Educational Attainment

Age 25+ Share: Bachelor’s (ACS 1yr)

For persons age 25 and over, percentage with highest educational attainment of a bachelor’s degree.

Age 25+ Share: Bachelor’s or Higher (ACS 1yr)

For persons age 25 and over, percentage with highest educational attainment of a bachelor’s, graduate, or professional degree.

Age 25+ Share: Below High School (ACS 1yr)

For persons age 25 and over, percentage with highest educational attainment of less than a high school diploma.

Age 25+ Share: Graduate or Professional (ACS 1yr)

For persons age 25 and over, percentage with highest educational attainment of graduate or professional degree.

Age 25+ Share: High School (ACS 1yr)

For persons age 25 and over, percentage with highest educational attainment of a high school diploma or equivalent (e.g., GED).

Age 25+ Share: Some College (ACS 1yr)

For persons age 25 and over, percentage with highest educational attainment of some college but no degree.

Higher Education

Graduate Students in Engineering/Science: Citizens & Permanent Residents

Number of graduate students (citizens and permanent residents) pursuing a degree in engineering or science.

Graduate Students in Engineering/Science: Temporary Residents

Number of graduate students (temporary residents) pursuing a degree in engineering or science.

Graduate Students in Engineering/Science: Total

Number of all graduate students pursuing a degree in engineering or science.

Postsecondary Enrollment: White

Fall enrollment of white, non-Latino students in degree-granting institutions (associate’s or higher degree) participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Postsecondary Enrollment: Latino

Fall enrollment of Latino students in degree-granting institutions (associate’s or higher degree) participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Postsecondary Enrollment: Black

Fall enrollment of Black/African-American, non-Latino students in degree-granting institutions (associate’s or higher degree) participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Postsecondary Enrollment: Asian-Pacific Islander

Fall enrollment of Asian/Pacific Islander, non-Latino students in degree-granting institutions (associate’s or higher degree) participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

Proficiency: Math

8th Grade Math: Total

Percent of all 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Math: White

Percent of white, non-Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Math: Latino

Percent of Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Math: Black

Percent of Black/African-American, non-Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Math: Asian-Pacific Islander

Percent of Asian/Pacific Islander, non-Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

Proficiency: Reading

8th Grade Reading: Total

Percent of all 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Reading: White

Percent of white, non-Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Reading: Latino

Percent of Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Reading: Black

Percent of Black/African-American, non-Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Reading: Asian-Pacific Islander

Percent of Asian/Pacific Islander, non-Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

Proficiency: Science

8th Grade Science: Total

Percent of all 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Science: White

Percent of white, non-Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Science: Latino

Percent of Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Science: Black

Percent of Black/African-American, non-Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

8th Grade Science: Asian-Pacific Islander

Percent of Asian/Pacific Islander, non-Latino 8th grade students testing at the proficient level or above on the National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) test.

STEM

STEM Employment

Number of persons employed in a Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM) occupation, as an indicator of high tech employment within each geographic area.

STEM Share of Total Employment

Percentage of total employment employed in a Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM) occupation, as an indicator of high tech employment within each geographic area.

STEM Average Hourly Wage

Average hourly wage of persons employed in a Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM) occupation, as an indicator of high tech employment within each geographic area.

Commuting

Public Transit: Unlinked Passenger Miles

Number of persons who board public transportation vehicles, counted each time they board regardless of how many boardings occur while traveling from origin to final destination.

Commuting: Carpooling (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of commuters carpooling as their principal means of commuting.

Commuting: Other (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of commuters walking, biking, or using other means as their principal means of commuting

Commuting: Public Transit (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of commuters using public transit as their principal means of commuting.

Commuting: Travel Time to Work (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of commuters spending 30 minutes or more commuting (one way).

Commuting: Using Single Occupant Vehicle (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of commuters driving alone as their principal means of commuting.

Commuting: Work from Home (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of commuters working at home.

Crime

Property Crime Rate

Number of reported property crimes per 100,000 population.

Property Crime Total

Total number of reported property crimes.

Violent Crime Rate

Number of reported violent crimes per 100,000 population.

Violent Crime Total

Total number of reported violent crimes.

Housing

Housing: Percent Cost Burdened (ACS 1yr)

Percent of rented units paying gross rent that is 30% or more of total income.

Housing: Percent Severely Cost Burdened (ACS 1yr)

Percent of rented units paying gross rent that is 50% or more of total income.

Housing: Percent Overcrowded (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of all units with 1 or more persons per room.

Housing: Percent Overcrowded, Asian (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of units (Asian-Pacific Islander Householder) with 1 or more persons per room.

Housing: Percent Overcrowded, Black (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of units (Black/African-American Householder) with 1 or more persons per room.

Housing: Percent Overcrowded, Latino (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of units (Latino Householder) with 1 or more persons per room.

Housing: Percent Overcrowded, White (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of units (White, Non-Latino Householder) with 1 or more persons per room.

Housing: Percent Owner-Occupied (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of all units that are owner-occupied.

Housing: Percent Owner-Occupied, Asian (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of all units (Asian/Pacific Islander householder) that are owner-occupied.

Housing: Percent Owner-Occupied, Black (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of all units (Black/African-American householder) that are owner-occupied.

Housing: Percent Owner-Occupied, Latino (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of all units (Latino householder) that are owner-occupied.

Housing: Percent Owner-Occupied, White (ACS 1yr)

Percentage of all units (White, Non-Latino householder) that are owner-occupied.

Zillow Home Value Index: Single Family Homes

Median value of single family homes.

Zillow Home Value Index: Condo/Co-ops

Median value of multi-family residential units.

Apartment List: Median Rent, Overall

Estimate of median contract rent by area, all rental units.

Income

Personal Income: Annual

Per Capita Personal Income: Annual

Per capita annual personal income.

Per Capita Personal Income: Quarterly

Per capita quarterly personal income.

Personal Income: Quarterly

Labor Force Participation

Number Receiving Social Disability

Number of workers receiving payments from the Social Security Insurance Program (SDI) in December of each year.

Labor Force Participation Rate Total

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for all persons age 16 and older from the Current Population Survey data, as a benchmark for the demographic labor force data.

Labor Force Participation Rate Age 55-64

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for persons age 55-64.

Labor Force Participation Rate Over 65

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for persons age 65 and over.

Labor Force Participation Rate Youth

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for persons age 16-19.

Labor Force Participation Rate Asian

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for Asian, age 16 and over.

Labor Force Participation Rate Black

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for Black/African-American, age 16 and over.

Labor Force Participation Rate Latino

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for Latino, age 16 and over.

Labor Force Participation Rate White

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for White, age 16 and over.

Labor Force Participation Rate Married

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for persons who are married with spouse present, age 16 and over.

Labor Force Participation Rate Men

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for Men, age 16 and over.

Labor Force Participation Rate Unmarried

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for persons who are unmarried or married with spouse absent, age 16 and over.

Labor Force Participation Rate Women

Average annual labor force participation rate from American Community Survey for Women, age 16 and over.

Part Time Employment

Part Time Employed for Economic Reasons

Percent of employed working part time for economic reasons—primarily the lack of full time work—calculated as a running 12-month average from American Community Survey.

Part Time Employed

Percent of employed usually working part time, calculated as a running 12-month average from American Community Survey.

Poverty

Number Receiving Food Stamps, County Data

Average number of persons receiving benefits from Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP/food stamps).

Number Receiving Food Stamps, State Data

Average number of persons receiving benefits from Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP/food stamps).

Poverty Rate: Official

Percentage of persons below the official poverty income threshold, which varies by family size and age.

Poverty Rate: Supplemental

Adjusts the official poverty rate for specified noncash assistance payments and state differences in specified expenses, primarily housing costs.

Unemployment

Unemployment Rate U6

Alternative measure of labor utilization showing persons who are unemployed (the generally reported unemployment rate) plus all marginally attached worker and, total employed part time for economic reasons, divided by the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers.

Unemployment Rate Total

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey all persons age 16 and older from the Current Population Survey data, as a benchmark for the demographic labor force data.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Number of initial claims for unemployment insurance, not seasonally adjusted.

Unemployment Rate Youth

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for persons age 16-19.

Unemployment Rate Age 55-64

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for persons age 55-64.

Unemployment Rate Over 65

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for persons age 65 and over.

Unemployment Rate Asian

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for Asian, age 16 and over.

Unemployment Rate Black

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for Black/African-American, age 16 and over.

Unemployment Rate Latino

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for Latino, age 16 and over.

Unemployment Rate White

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for White, age 16 and over.

Unemployment Rate Married

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for persons who are married with spouse present, age 16 and over.

Unemployment Rate Men

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for Men, age 16 and over.

Unemployment Rate Unmarried

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for persons who are unmarried or married with spouse absent, age 16 and over.

Unemployment Rate Women

Average annual unemployment rate from American Community Survey for Women, age 16 and over.

Economic Indicators

Shasta County

Butte County